Actualmente la separación Iglesia Estado es notoria, al menos en apariencia, no obstante la mayoría de los países no dejan de lado una buena relación con el Vaticano, país sede del poder católico en el mundo. En épocas anteriores la relación Iglesia – Estado ha ido de la mano, en la Europa medieval a la Iglesia le correspondía ratificar a los reyes, en tanto que los reyes apoyaban, intrigaban o colocaban al máximo jerarca de la iglesia católica.
A lo largo de la historia los hombres que ejercieron el poder se cuidaron muy bien de no estar separados de los jerarcas de la Iglesia, aún a costa de simular sus desacuerdos con éstos, aunque hubo quienes no se callaron sus pensamientos como lo muestra la memoria de un magistrado escrita en 1764 en Francia (Extraído de la obra Cartas filosóficas y otros escritos de Voltaire).
Un magistrado de una ciudad de Francia tuvo la desgracia de casarse con una mujer a quien sedujo un sacerdote antes de su casamiento y que luego dió varios escandalos públicos. Tuvo la paciencia de separarse de ella amistosamente . El magistrado era un hombre de cuarenta años, vigoroso, de rostro agraciado; necesitaba mujer, pero era demasiado escrupuloso para seducir a la esposa de otro hombre, y le repugnaba el trato ilícito con una mujer galante, o liarse con una viuda. Encontrandose en la incertidumbre de esta situación, dirigió a la iglesia de su culto las siguientes quejas:
«Mi esposa es criminal, pero el castigado soy yo. Una mujer es necesaria para el consuelo de mi vida y para que yo persevere en la virtud, y la secta a la que estoy afiliado me la niega, prohibiéndome casarme con una mujer honrada. Las leyes civiles actuales, cimentadas por desgracia en el derecho canónico, me privan de los derechos de la humanidad. La Iglesia me pone en el caso de procurarme placeres que ella reprueba, o resarcimientos vergonzosos que ella condena. Me impulsa a ser criminal».
«Examino todos los pueblos del mundo, y no encuentro uno solo, exceptuando el pueblo católico romano, en los que el divorcio y un segundo casamiento no sean de derecho natural. ¿Que transtorno de orden hace, pues, que en los países católicos sea una virtud consentir el adulterio, y un deber carecer de mujer, cuando la propia nos ultrajó indignamente? ¿Por qué un lazo podrido es indisoluble, a pesar de que dice la ley de nuestro código: «Quidquid ligatur dissolubile est» (lo que se liga es disoluble). Se me permite la separación de cuerpo y de bienes y no se me permite el divorcio. La ley puede quitarme mi mujer, y sin embargo me deja un algo que se llama sacramenteo: no gozo ya del matrimonio, y sin embargo estoy casado. ¡Que contradicción y que esclavitud!»
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Ese magistrado sí que tenía más razón que un santo. Es increíble lo que ha progresado la iglesia católica en los últimos 250 años…nada como de costumbre.
Gracias por tu comentario Markos.
Finalmente las leyes (de Estado e Iglesia) las escriben los hombres, cierto? en el siguiente artículo se concluye y en posts posteriores veremos la contraparte en «memoria para las mujeres» tomado también de las obras de Voltaire.
Gracias por tu comentario Markos.
Finalmente las leyes (de Estado e Iglesia) las escriben los hombres, cierto? en el siguiente artículo se concluye y en posts posteriores veremos la contraparte en “memoria para las mujeres” tomado también de las obras de Voltaire.
Lei esto que has posteado en mi primer año de la universidad y me encantó! como siempre sucede lo había relegado al olvido y tu estupendo post de hoy lo ha desempolvado, gracias por tan buen articulo
Me alegra tu gusto por la lectura chapinita, uno de los mayores placeres para muchos de nosotros. Y Voltaire no puede quedar relegado si de leer hablamos